EN 60529 Testing
The ability of an enclosure to shield its contents from pollutants is assessed using IEC 60529 testing. A contamination may be liquid or solid. Ingress protection tests or IP Code tests are the terms used to describe these tests. The initials "IP" are followed by two digits or one digit and a letter to represent the Ingress Protection Rating, often known as the IP Code. An extra optional letter may also be included. The defense against solid particles is represented by the first digit. The defense against liquids is represented by the second digit. EN 60529 testing and IEC 60529 testing have the same standards.
Parameters are specified for each test in the ingress protection testing for EN 60529 and IEC 60529. For instance, the rating may have an impact on the solid particle's size. The time, flow rate, temperature, depth, and angle of the water are specified for IP Code water testing. One can test the water using a drip, spray, splash, or immersion method.
Achieving the necessary scores on the EN 60529 and IEC 60529 tests is not clearly defined. The manufacturer is typically the one to make that decision. Zero ingress may exist in some enclosures. On the other hand, it is typical for some ingress to happen even though the enclosure satisfies the requirements. This happens when there is some intrusion but the device still functions well.
The definition largely depends on what the product is and what it is being used for.
Included below are the various test levels and definitions for solid objects. These represent the first number in the IP Code.
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Level
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Object size protected against
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Effective against
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0
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No protection against contact and ingress of objects
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1
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>50 mm
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Any large surface of the body, such as the back of a hand, but no protection against deliberate contact with a body part
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2
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>12.5 mm
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Fingers or similar objects
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3
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>2.5 mm
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Tools, thick wires, etc.
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4
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>1 mm
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Most wires, screws, etc.
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5
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Dust protected
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Ingress of dust is not entirely prevented, but it must not enter in sufficient quantity to interfere with the satisfactory operation of the equipment; complete protection against contact
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6
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Dust tight
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No ingress of dust; complete protection against contact
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The second digit indicates the level or protection that the enclosure provides against access to hazardous parts and the ingress of water.
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Level
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Protected against
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Testing for
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Details
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0
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Not protected
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1
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Dripping water
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Dripping water (vertically falling drops) shall have no harmful effect.
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Test duration: 10 minutes
Water equivalent to 1mm rainfall per minute
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2
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Dripping water when tilted up to 15°
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Vertically dripping water shall have no harmful effect when the enclosure is tilted at an angle up to 15° from its normal position.
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Test duration: 10 minutes
Water equivalent to 3mm rainfall per minute
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3
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Spraying water
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Water falling as a spray at any angle up to 60° from the vertical shall have no harmful effect.
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Test duration: 5 minutes
Water volume: 0.7 litres per minute
Pressure: 80–100 kN/m2
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4
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Splashing water
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Water splashing against the enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effect.
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Test duration: 5 minutes
Water volume: 10 litres per minute
Pressure: 80–100 kN/m2
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5
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Water jets
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Water projected by a nozzle (6.3mm) against enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effects.
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Test duration: at least 3 minutes
Water volume: 12.5 litres per minute
Pressure: 30 kN/m2 at distance of 3m
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6
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Powerful water jets
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Water projected in powerful jets (12.5mm nozzle) against the enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effects.
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Test duration: at least 3 minutes
Water volume: 100 litres per minute
Pressure: 100 kN/m2 at distance of 3m
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7
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Immersion up to 1 m
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Ingress of water in harmful quantity shall not be possible when the enclosure is immersed in water under defined conditions of pressure and time (up to 1 m of submersion).
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Test duration: 30 minutes
Immersion at depth of 1m
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8
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Immersion beyond 1 m
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The equipment is suitable for continuous immersion in water under conditions which shall be specified by the manufacturer. Normally, this will mean that the equipment is hermetically sealed. However, with certain types of equipment, it can mean that water can enter but only in such a manner that it produces no harmful effects.
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Test duration: continuous immersion in water
Depth specified by manufacturer
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The IP Code can be appended by additional letters. These letters classify the level of protection against hazardous parts by persons. They can also provide additional information related to the protection of the device:
A – Back of hand
B – Finger
C – Tool D – Wire
H – High voltage device
M – Device moving during water test
S – Device standing still during water test
W – Weather conditions
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